tense english grammar

tense english grammar

tense english grammar

Tense:

Time of action is known as tense.

so,

    tense = time(3) * action(4)

Time can be present (Current time), past (Previous time), future (Upcoming time).

Action can be indefinite(simple), continuous, perfect, perfect continuous.

There are twelve kinds of tense ( time(3) * action(4) )

01. Present Simple/Indefinite Tense.

02. Past Simple/Indefinite Tense.

03. Future Simple/Indefinite Tense.

04. Present Continuous Tense.

05. Past Continuous Tense.

06. Future Continuous Tense.

07. present Perfect Tense.

08. Past Perfect Tense.

09. Future Perfect Tense.

10. Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

11. Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

A. Simple/Indefinite Tense:

When we don't know about starting and end of an Action, then it is known as simple tense.

There are three types of simple tense.

1. Present Simple Tense (verb1): 

Represent present time without knowing the starting and end of the action.

Example: 

I play tennis.

(मैं टेनिस खेलता हूँ।).

2. Past Simple Tense (verb2): 

Represent past time without knowing the starting and ending of action.

Example: 

I played tennis.

(मैंने टेनिस खेली।).

3. Future Simple Tense (will/shall+verb1): 

Represent future time without knowing the starting and ending of action.

Example: 

I will play tennis.

(मैं टेनिस खेलूंगा।).

B. Continuous Tense:

When action is in progress, then it is known as continuous tense.

There are three types of continuous tense.

1. Present Continuous (is/am/are + verb1_ing): 

Represent present action which is in progress.

Example: 

I am playing tennis.

(मैं टेनिस खेल रहा हूँ।).

2. Past Continuous (was/were + verb1_ing): 

Represent past action which was in progress.

Example: 

I was playing tennis. 

(मैं टेनिस खेल रहा था).

3. Future Continous (will/shall be+ verb_ing): 

Represent future action which will be in progress.

Example: 

I will be playing tennis. 

(मैं टेनिस खेलता रहूंगा।).

C. Perfect/definite Tense:

When action is already over, then it is known as perfect tense.

1. Present Perfect (has/have + verb3): 

Represent present action which is over.

Example: 

I have played tennis. 

(मैंने टेनिस खेला है।).

2. Past Perfect (had + verb3): 

Represent past action which was over.

Example: 

I had played tennis.

(मैंने टेनिस खेला था।).

3. Future Perfect (will/shall have + verb3): 

Represent future action which will be over.

Example: 

I will have played tennis.

(मैंने टेनिस खेला होगा।).

D. Perfect Continuous Tense:

When starting of action is known, and that action is in progress, then it is known as perfect continuous tense.

1. Present Perfect Continuous (has/have + been + verb1_ing): 

Represent Present action whose starting is known, and it is in progress.

Example: 

I have been playing tennis from 9.00 am. 

(मैं सुबह 9 बजे से टेनिस खेल रहा हूं।).

2. Past Perfect Continuous (had + been + verb1_ing): 

Represent past action whose starting is known and was in progress.

Example: 

I had been playing tennis from 9.00 am.

(मैं सुबह 9 बजे से टेनिस खेल रहा था।). 

3. Future Perfect Continuous (will/shall have + been + verb1_ing): 

Represent future action whose starting is known and will be in progress.

Example: 

I will have been playing tennis from 9.00 am. 

(मैं सुबह 9 बजे से टेनिस खेल रहा होंगा।).