components of computer

Computer and its components:

CPU
Primary Memory
Input-Output Controller
Secondary Memory
Input-Output Device
Network

components of computer block-diagram

THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

The CPU has evolved from a bulky vacuum tube-based unit of the 1940s to a modern 5cm square chip that is commonly called the microprocessor, or simple processor. It comprises the following components.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)---(All calculating and Boolean operations)

Control Unit (CU)---(controls the way data is moved between the

various components Of the computer)

Special purpose registers---(Register which is used for special purpose like program counter which stores the address in primary memory of the next instruction to be executed.)

A clock --- (a clock is a small circuit that generates a square wave signal. A 2ghz CPU is driven by a clock circuit that produces 2 billion such pulses per second.)

CPU

PRIMARY MEMORY

Memory is an essential resource used by the computer and its users. The CPU needs memory for the currently running program. Users need memory to back up programs and data that are not needed. For meeting the differing requirements, the computer supports multiple types Of memory. The computer memory categorizes into two types.

1. Primary Memory. ( ROM, RAM, Cache, Register).

2. Secondary Memory. (Hard disk, magnetic tape, Optical disk, flash drive etc)

primary memory(RAM)

INPUT DEVICES

To interact with programs for providing input and to perform operations like editing, copying and deleting files. External devices like scanners also provide input to programs. TO support all these input devices are required.

Example: Keyboard, touch-pad, mouse, Scanner